Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey

Energy is the vital resource in the life of a wireless sensor node. So, its usage must be optimized to extend the network life. Routing protocols should also be concerned about the overhead energy which is wasted at each hop during data transfer. Main feature of routing protocol, I n order to be efficient wireless sensor networks, is the energy consumption and the extension of the network’s life. There are many routing protocols such as flat based, location based, multipath based, hierarchical based etc. Clustering is used to increases the lifetime of the wireless sensor networks. Clustering is the process where sensing region is divided in groups to balance the energy level of clusters. Energy is the main consideration when we analyze routing protocol of wireless sensor network. In this paper, a review on popular hierarchical based routing protocols such as LEACH, PEGASIS, TEEN etc considering the various aspects of Wireless Sensor Networks.